钠钾镁钙葡萄糖注射液(乐加)在急诊低血容量性休克液体复苏中的应用研究

目的研究急诊低血容量性休克液体复苏过程中给予钠钾镁钙葡萄糖注射液的方法和效果。方法选择2011年7月至2014年2月我院急诊低血容量性休克患者共52例为临床研究对象,将患者随机分为两组。对照组共26例,使用乳酸林格液常规液体复苏;实验组患者26例,给予钠钾镁钙葡萄糖注射液复苏,观察比较患者治疗前后的血钾、钠、钙、镁等值;测定复苏1 h后患者平均动脉压(MAP)和心率。结果实验组患者在复苏1 h后,患者的血钠、血钾、血钙、血镁相关指标均优于对照组患者,经统计学分析,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义;实验组患者在复苏1 h后,MAP更高,患者心率相对较低,与对照组比较,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。结论对急诊低血容量性休克液体复苏的患者给予钠钾镁钙葡萄糖注射液救治临床效果更好,有助于维持机体内环境的稳定,值得临床推广。     

Enhanced pH stability,cell viability and reduced degradation rate of poly(L-lactide)-based composite in vitro: effect of modified magnesium oxide nanoparticles

The modified MgO nanoparticles (m-MgO-NPs) by a copolymer containing the malic acid and low molecular weight poly(L-lactide) (poly(L-lactide-co-malic acid), PLMA) have been successfully prepared. MgO nanoparticles (MgO-NPs) were coated by the PLMA and m-MgO-NPs were uniformly dispersed in the PLLA matrix to a novel biocomposite material (PLLA/m-MgO-NPs) with more excellent interface bonding and uniformer dispersion, compared to the PLLA/MgO-NPs. Compared to neat PLLA and PLLA/MgO-NPs film, the m-MgO-NPs not only shown the obvious neutralization effect on the acidic solution in the degradation of the PLLA and better hydrophilicity, but also exhibited the higher cell viability and decrease the toxicity to the cell in the degradation process of PLLA in vitro. In addition, m-MgO-NPs also reduced the degradation rate of the PLLA. The mechanisms for the excellent dispersion of nanoparticles, enhanced pH stability, reduced degradation rate of the PLLA and the cell viability in vitro in the case of PLLA/m-MgO-NPs have also been proposed and discussed in detail.     

重度支气管哮喘硫酸镁治疗疗效分析

目的探讨重度支气管哮喘应用硫酸镁治疗疗效与安全性。方法将2009年11月～2011年4月于我院诊治的支气管哮喘重度患者81例分为两组。对照组39例均给予吸氧、平喘等常规治疗;观察组42例在对照组治疗外另给予硫酸镁治疗。结果观察组42例患者显效34例,有效7例,无效1例,总有效率97.62%,显著高于对照组(χ2=12.85,P<0.01)。两组患者均无不良反应。结论对重度支气管哮喘患者在常规治疗外静脉滴注硫酸镁治疗,疗效显著。     

Incorporation of magnesium ions into photo‐crosslinked alginate hydrogel enhanced cell adhesion ability

Photo‐crosslinked alginate hydrogel attracts wide interest in tissue engineering because of its excellent controllability and stability. However, its highly hydrophilic property makes cell adhesion difficult. Plenty of studies have confirmed that magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) can efficiently improve the attachment of osteoblasts. In this study, for the first time, we fabricated a durable, crosslinked, alginate hydrogel with a dual‐crosslinking network. Photo‐crosslinked alginate hydrogel was chosen as the basic backbone, and various amounts of Mg²⁺ were incorporated into the hydrogel through ionic crosslinking. The results showed that the physicochemical properties of the hydrogels, including surface structure, composition, swelling ratio, ion release and elastic modulus, could be well tuned by controlling the amount of Mg²⁺ incorporated. In addition, a certain amount of Mg²⁺ significantly improved the attachment and spread of osteoblasts on the hydrogels. These characteristics make Mg²⁺‐incorporated photo‐crosslinked alginate hydrogel a promising scaffold for bone tissue engineering. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Oral magnesium for relief in pregnancy‐induced leg cramps: a randomised controlled trial

Leg cramps are common in pregnant women. Currently, there is no standard treatment for pregnancy‐induced leg cramps. The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of oral magnesium in pregnant women with leg cramps. This double‐blinded, randomised, placebo‐controlled trial included 86 healthy pregnant women, 14–34 weeks of gestation who had leg cramps at least twice per week. The study period was 4 weeks. Eighty women completed the study. Forty‐one women were assigned to magnesium bisglycinate chelate (300 mg per day) and 39 women to placebo. Details of leg cramps were recorded before beginning the treatment and the fourth week of study. Outcome measure was the reduction of cramp frequency after treatment and cramp intensity measured by 100‐mm visual analogue scale. Fifty per cent reduction of cramp frequency was significantly higher in the magnesium group than the placebo group (86.0% vs. 60.5%, P = 0.007). The 50% reduction of cramp intensity was also significantly higher in the treatment group than in the placebo group (69.8% vs. 48.8%, P = 0.048). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of side effects such as nausea and diarrhoea. These results demonstrated that oral magnesium supplement can improve the frequency and intensity of pregnancy‐induced leg cramps. Therefore, oral magnesium may be a treatment option for women suffering from pregnancy‐induced leg cramps.     

复方地黄酊湿敷治疗化疗性静脉炎的实验研究

[目的]探讨复方地黄酊湿敷对化疗药物所致家兔耳缘静脉炎的疗效.[方法]将36只成年家兔随机分为A组(空白对照组)、B组(应用复方地黄酊湿敷组)、C组(50%硫酸镁湿敷组),分别在家兔耳缘静脉注射盐酸多柔比星造成静脉炎模型,各采用不同治疗方法分别在治疗后2 h、4 h、6 h、24 h,用肉眼和组织病理学两种方法观察血管周围出血及水肿、炎性细胞浸润、血栓形成、血管壁增厚方面的变化.[结果]治疗后2 h、4h、6 h,B组、C组在炎细胞浸润、血栓形成、血管周围出血、血管周围水肿方面与A组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05);治疗24 h,B组、C组差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).[结论]复方地黄酊湿敷可减轻化疗性静脉炎引起的局部组织损害,促进局部损伤组织修复,效果优于50%硫酸镁湿敷.     

丙戊酸镁缓释片与丁螺环酮治疗广泛性焦虑对照研究

目的探讨丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗广泛性焦虑障碍的疗效及安全性。方法将100例广泛性焦虑障碍患者随机分为两组各50例,研究组给予丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗,对照组给予丁螺环酮治疗,观察8w。于治疗前及治疗1w、2w、4w、8w末采用汉密顿焦虑量表、临床总体印象量表评定临床疗效,副反应量表评定不良反应。结果治疗8w末研究组总有效率为93.6%,对照组为91.7%,经Ridit分析两组总体疗效相当（z=1.059,P=0.273）。汉密顿焦虑量表评分研究组治疗1w末、2w末较对照组下降显著（t=-3.16,-3.08,P〈0.01）,临床总体印象量表评分研究组治疗1w末较对照组下降显著（t=-3.42,P〈0.01）。两组不良反应均轻微。结论丙戊酸镁缓释片治疗广泛性焦虑障碍起效快,疗效显著,安全性高,依从性好。     

Thrombopoietin and the TPO receptorduring platelet storage

BACKGROUND: For most cells, the addition of a specific growth factor has improved cellular viability by preventing programmed cell death (apoptosis). To determine whether the platelet-specific hematopoietic growth factor thrombopoietin (TPO) might improve platelet viability, endogenous TPO and the platelet TPO receptor were analyzed during storage, and the effect of recombinant TPO on platelet viability was assessed. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: During platelet storage, TPO stability was assessed by SDS-PAGE, TPO receptor function was measured, and the platelet TPO receptor was characterized by a (125)I-rHuTPO competitive-binding assay. A recombinant TPO, pegylated recombinant human megakaryocyte growth and development factor (PEG-rHuMGDF), was added to platelet concentrates during storage, and its effect on pH, LDH, and metabolic activity was determined. RESULTS: During storage, the molecular weight and concentration of endogenous TPO (125 +/- 19 pg/mL) and exogenous TPO (5720 +/- 140 pg/mL) were constant for 12 days; the number (33 +/- 4), binding affinity (149 +/- 33 pM), and function of the platelet TPO receptors were constant for 7 days. Metabolic activity measured with the MTT and MTS assays closely correlated with changes in the pH and LDH. The addition of PEG-rHuMGDF did not alter the pH, LDH, or metabolic activity of platelets during storage, but it did increase by 65 percent the uptake of (35)S-methionine into platelets. Finally, platelet concentrates obtained from donors treated with PEG-rHuMGDF retained normal metabolic activity for 12 days, as compared with 5 to 6 days for normal platelet concentrates. CONCLUSIONS: TPO and its platelet receptor are present in normal amounts and have normal function during platelet storage. The addition of recombinant TPO increased platelet methionine transport but did not alter platelet viability during storage. Other means to prevent apoptosis during platelet storage should be considered, and the measurement of platelet metabolic activity by MTT and MTS assays may assist this effort.     

硫酸钠用于妇科术前肠道准备的研究

目的　探讨妇科手术前肠道准备的最适宜的方法。方法　对 12 0例住院手术患者随机抽样进行口服硫酸钠(芒硝 )、甘露醇、硫酸镁及传统的肥皂水灌肠 4种不同方法的肠道清洁。结果　 (1)通过对家兔的实验病理学研究证实 :硫酸钠 (芒硝 )对肠道黏膜的损伤要明显低于甘露醇 ;(2 )使用术前灌肠方法验证肠道清洁程度 ,口服硫酸钠(芒硝 )、甘露醇、硫酸镁这 3种方法均优于肥皂水灌肠 ;(3)硫酸钠 (芒硝 )第一次的排气、排便时间是最早的。结论　硫酸钠 (芒硝 )导泻是妇科手术前肠道准备的最适宜的方法